How does the Russian parliamentary election work?
The State Duma has a total of 450 seats, of which 225 are elected from party lists (a proportional representation with a five-percent threshold), and other 225 in single-mandate constituencies. After the party list results are counted and parties that received less than five percent of the votes are identified, the rest of the seats are proportionally distributed among the parties that passed the threshold.If a party receives a total of more than 300 seats from both party lists and single-mandate constituencies, it receives a constitutional majority. In other words, that party receives a share of seats in the parliament that is required to make amendments to some constitutional articles and to overturn presidential vetoes. After the 2021 election, United Russia - the party supporting the president Vladimir Putin - maintained the constitutional majority it had already received in the 2016 election. Generally supported by most of the population, the party focused on social support initiatives in its program.