Production volume from mining and quarrying in Indonesia 2021, by type of material
In 2021, the total volume of sand produced in Indonesia amounted to approximately 67.41 million cubic meters, while the total volume of limestone produced was 6.75 million cubic meters. In Southeast Asia, sand is an important commodity in geopolitics. Singapore, Indonesia's neighbor, has become the world’s largest sand importer due to its land reclamation activities. Illegal sand extraction threatens the very existence of more than 80 small low-lying Indonesian islands bordering Singapore. However, the damage to the environment is unknown as sand extraction is often happening in isolated places.
