
Number of hazardous waste sites in the U.S. 2023, by state
In 1980, the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA) or "Superfund" was passed. This allowed the Environmental Protection Agency to clean up the most contaminated sites in the United States. As of 2023, there were 1,336 Superfund sites on the National Priorities List (NPL), including the U.S. and its territories. Superfund sites are hazardous waste sites, such as landfills and mines, where toxic waste has been dumped. This toxic waste can leak into groundwater, streams, and soil, causing environmental pollution that can also harm humans.