Gender pay gap in Europe by country 2021

Men in the European Union earned approximately 13 percent more than women in 2021, with Estonia having the biggest gender pay gap of 20.5 percent in this year and Luxembourg having the lowest at minus 0.2 percent, meaning that on average women actually eanred more than men in Luxembourg during that year.

Gender pay gap of average gross hourly earnings in selected European countries in 2021

Characteristic	Gender pay gap
European Union	12.7%
Euro area	13.5%
Estonia	20.5%
Austria	18.8%
Switzerland	17.7%
Germany	17.6%
Hungary	17.3%
Slovakia	16.6%
Finland	16.5%
France	15.4%
Czechia	15%
Latvia	14.6%
Norway	14.3%
Denmark	14.2%
Netherlands	13.5%
Bulgaria	12.2%
Lithuania	12%
Portugal	11.9%
Sweden	11.2%
Croatia	11.1%
Malta	10.5%
Iceland	10.4%
Cyprus	9.7%
Spain	8.9%
Belgium	5%
Italy	5%
Poland	4.5%
Slovenia	3.8%
Romania	3.6%
Luxembourg	-0.2%

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Release date

March 2023

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Region

Europe, EU

Survey time period

2021

Supplementary notes

The source adds the following information: "The indicator measures the difference between average gross hourly earnings of male paid employees and of female paid employees as a percentage of average gross hourly earnings of male paid employees. The indicator has been defined as unadjusted, because it gives an overall picture of gender inequalities in terms of pay and measures a concept which is broader than the concept of equal pay for equal work. All employees working in firms with ten or more employees, without restrictions for age and hours worked, are included."

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