Water stress in Latin America & Caribbean by country 2023

Chile is one of the countries with the highest water stress levels in the world. Based on an index that reflects how much water is extracted in relation to the available renewable water supplies, Chile was graded 4.47 on a scale from zero to five, where five shows the highest level of water stress. Mexico ranked second among the Latin American and Caribbean countries most exposed to water stress, with four points.

Baseline water stress score in Latin America and the Caribbean in 2023, by country

Characteristic	Baseline water stress index score
Chile	4.47
Mexico	4
Peru	3.74
El Salvador	1.95
Uruguay	1.83
Argentina	1.83
Venezuela	1.82
Cuba	1.65
Haiti	1.6
Dominican Republic	1.6
Brazil	1.04
Guatemala	1.03
Panama	0.75
Ecuador	0.66
Costa Rica	0.65
Colombia	0.5
Nicaragua	0.21
Bolivia	0.16
Honduras	0.11
Belize	0.07
Paraguay	0

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Release date

2023

More information

Region

LAC

Survey time period

2023

Special properties

scale from 0.0 (lowest risk) to 5.0 (highest risk)*

Supplementary notes

* The baseline water stress index measures the ratio of total water withdrawals to available renewable water supplies. Water withdrawals include domestic, industrial, irrigation and livestock consumptive and non-consumptive uses. Available renewable water supplies include surface and groundwater supplies and considers the impact of upstream consumptive water users and large dams on downstream water availability. Higher values indicate more competition among users.
Countries excluded from this statistic were not surveyed or did not have available data.

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