As of January 2021, 759 inmates in Italy were in hard prison regime, known in Italian as 41-bis. The vast majority of the inmates were males, accounting for 746 prisoners. The number of female prisoners in 41 bis was 13, all located in the prison of L'Aquila, in the South Italian region of Abruzzo. This regime is typically applied to Mafia inmates in order to isolate them from mediating and communicating mafia businesses from within the prison.
In 2019, the European court of human rights (ECHR) ruled that the Italian prison system for Mafia inmates must be reviewed as the conditions under which they are serving their sentence violates their human rights.
Number of prisoners in hard prison regime (41-bis) in Italy as of 2020, by gender
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Association Antigone. (March 18, 2021). Number of prisoners in hard prison regime (41-bis) in Italy as of 2020, by gender [Graph]. In Statista. Retrieved July 07, 2022, from https://www.statista.com/statistics/1229385/prisoners-in-hard-prison-regime-in-italy/
Association Antigone. "Number of prisoners in hard prison regime (41-bis) in Italy as of 2020, by gender." Chart. March 18, 2021. Statista. Accessed July 07, 2022. https://www.statista.com/statistics/1229385/prisoners-in-hard-prison-regime-in-italy/
Association Antigone. (2021). Number of prisoners in hard prison regime (41-bis) in Italy as of 2020, by gender. Statista. Statista Inc.. Accessed: July 07, 2022. https://www.statista.com/statistics/1229385/prisoners-in-hard-prison-regime-in-italy/
Association Antigone. "Number of Prisoners in Hard Prison Regime (41-bis) in Italy as of 2020, by Gender." Statista, Statista Inc., 18 Mar 2021, https://www.statista.com/statistics/1229385/prisoners-in-hard-prison-regime-in-italy/
Association Antigone, Number of prisoners in hard prison regime (41-bis) in Italy as of 2020, by gender Statista, https://www.statista.com/statistics/1229385/prisoners-in-hard-prison-regime-in-italy/ (last visited July 07, 2022)
