Romania, Croatia, and Bulgaria were the three EU member states with the highest number of their citizens living abroad in other EU countries, when compared with the size of their national populations. In 2023, an equivalent of 16.5% of the population of Romania lived in other EU states, as the south-eastern European country has seen mass migration since joining the EU in 2007. Interestingly the top three countries were also the last three countries to join the EU, with Bulgaria and Romania joining in 2007 and Croatia in 2013. Germany, Malta and Sweden, on the other hand, had an equivalent of less than one percent of their population living in other EU countries.
Citizens of European Union member states living in other EU countries as a share of their home country's population in 2023, by country
Characteristic
Percentage of national population living in other EU member states
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Eurostat. (November 2, 2024). Citizens of European Union member states living in other EU countries as a share of their home country's population in 2023, by country [Graph]. In Statista. Retrieved February 16, 2025, from https://www.statista.com/statistics/1420601/eu-migration-citizens-living-abroad-share-population/?__sso_cookie_checker=failed
Eurostat. "Citizens of European Union member states living in other EU countries as a share of their home country's population in 2023, by country ." Chart. November 2, 2024. Statista. Accessed February 16, 2025. https://www.statista.com/statistics/1420601/eu-migration-citizens-living-abroad-share-population/?__sso_cookie_checker=failed
Eurostat. (2024). Citizens of European Union member states living in other EU countries as a share of their home country's population in 2023, by country . Statista. Statista Inc.. Accessed: February 16, 2025. https://www.statista.com/statistics/1420601/eu-migration-citizens-living-abroad-share-population/?__sso_cookie_checker=failed
Eurostat. "Citizens of European Union Member States Living in Other Eu Countries as a Share of Their Home Country's Population in 2023, by Country ." Statista, Statista Inc., 2 Nov 2024, https://www.statista.com/statistics/1420601/eu-migration-citizens-living-abroad-share-population/?__sso_cookie_checker=failed
Eurostat, Citizens of European Union member states living in other EU countries as a share of their home country's population in 2023, by country Statista, https://www.statista.com/statistics/1420601/eu-migration-citizens-living-abroad-share-population/?__sso_cookie_checker=failed (last visited February 16, 2025)
Citizens of European Union member states living in other EU countries as a share of their home country's population in 2023, by country [Graph], Eurostat, November 2, 2024. [Online]. Available: https://www.statista.com/statistics/1420601/eu-migration-citizens-living-abroad-share-population/?__sso_cookie_checker=failed