U.S. bird mortality causes

The statistic represents the mortality rate of birds from various anthropogenic causes in the United States in 2005. It is estimated that U.S. wind turbines accounted for less than 0.01 percent of bird deaths that year.

Estimated bird mortality from selected anthropogenic causes in the U.S. in 2005

Year	Bird mortality
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Release date

2005

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Region

United States

Survey time period

2005

Supplementary notes

I: Mid-range of fatality estimates reported from Klem (1990), 1 – 10 bird fatalities per house, extrapolated to 100 million residences.
II: Based primarily on a study in the Netherlands (Koops 1987), extrapolated to 500,000 miles of bulk transmission line in U.S.
III: One study in Wisconsin estimated 40 million (Coleman and Temple 1996), there are 60 million cats claimed as pets in the U.S. V: Conservative estimate using low range of empirical fatality rate (0.1 to 3.6 birds/acre), studies typically adjusted from searcher efficiency and scavenging
VI: Estimates from models derived by Manville and Evans (M. Manville, pers. comm.).
VII: Mid-range of per turbine and per MW estimates derived from empirical data collected at several wind projects (table 1).
* These values are rounded

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