Major foreign holders U.S. treasury securities 2022

As of November 2022, Japan held United States treasury securities totaling about 1.08 trillion U.S. dollars.

Foreign holders of United States treasury debt

According to the Federal Reserve and U.S. Department of the Treasury, foreign countries held a total of 7.2 trillion U.S. dollars in U.S. treasury securities as of November 2022. Of the total 7.2 trillion held by foreign countries, Japan and Mainland China held the greatest portions, with China holding 870 billion U.S. dollars in U.S. securities. Other foreign holders included oil exporting countries and Caribbean banking centers.

The U.S. public debt

In 2022, the United States had a total public national debt of 30.9 trillion U.S. dollars, an amount that has been rising steadily, particularly since 2008. In 2021, the total interest expense on debt held by the public of the United States reached 392 billion U.S. dollars, while 227 billion U.S. dollars in interest expense were intragovernmental debt holdings. Total outlays of the U.S. government were 6.82 trillion U.S. dollars in 2021. By 2027, spending is projected to reach 7.05 trillion U.S. dollars.

Major foreign holders of United States treasury securities as of November 2022 (in billion U.S. dollars)

Characteristic	Securities in billion U.S. dollars
Japan	1,082.2
China, Mainland	870
United Kingdom	645.8
Belgium	332.9
Luxembourg	312.9
Cayman Islands	283.3
Switzerland	266.7
Ireland	250
Canada	229
Brazil	225.9
Taiwan	223.9
India	219
France	204.4
Hong Kong	200.9
Singapore	186.6
Saudi Arabia	121.4
Korea	100.3
Norway	97.7
Germany	90.4
Bermuda	83.6
Netherlands	71.9
United Arab Emirates	59.9
Australia	58.5
Mexico	57.2
Israel	52
Kuwait	50.7
Sweden	48.4
Philippines	47.8
Bahamas	44.1
Thailand	41.4
Iraq	39.7
Poland	38.2
Italy	38.1
Spain	36
Colombia	35.7
Vietnam	35.6
Chile	34.1
Peru	31
All Other	434.1

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Release date

January 2023

More information

Region

United States

Survey time period

November 2022

Supplementary notes

The data are collected primarily from U.S.-based custodians and broker-dealers. Since U.S. securities held in overseas custody accounts may not be attributed to the actual owners, the data may not provide a precise accounting of individual country ownership of Treasury securities.

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