Immigration to Poland 1946-2023

The number of immigrants in Poland reached nearly 17,000 in 2023 and increased by seven percent compared to the previous year.

Population in Poland

Since 2010, the population of Poland has been decreasing year by year. In 2022, Poland’s society was about 900,000 lower than in 2012. This result is influenced by birth and death rates, as well as migration rate. Many factors are contributing to these rates. For birth rates, the number of women of reproductive age, changing attitudes toward having many children at a young age, household income, and government incentives such as the 500+ program must be considered. Regarding the death rate, it is necessary to consider the age and number of seniors, as well as medical progress. Therefore, it is estimated that Poland’s population will decrease to slightly over 29.5 million in 2100. 

Migration in Poland

In 1950, Poland had the lowest net migration level, amounting to -52,600, where more than 61,000 chose to emigrate, and only about 8,000 decided to immigrate to Poland. In contrast, net migration in 2023 has reached 6,800 people, which means more people decided to live in Poland than to leave it. That year, the most Poles who decided to emigrate moved to Ukraine, Germany, and the United Kingdom. By comparison, Poland also had the most significant number of immigrants from Ukraine, the United Kingdom, and Germany.