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Natural resources in Indonesia - statistics & facts

Natural resources are defined as components or functions of nature that occur naturally and have an economic benefit. They include raw materials, the area, the function and the quality of components of the environment such as soil, air and water or genetic diversity. Additionally, natural resources are often divided into renewables and non-renewables. Non-renewable natural resources are only available for a certain period. This means that consuming a certain amount will result in these resources becoming unavailable at a later date. On the other hand, the stock of renewable natural resources can regrow over a period of time.

Indonesia relies on their natural resources

The value of non-renewable resources is predominantly determined by the relative scarcity of the resource in combination with its exploitability for industrial use. This means that the natural resources that can be found on the territory of a state often decide its position in the global economy and thus its political influence. However, industrialized countries are less dependent on natural resources for their wealth because they have more infrastructure capital. Given its economic situation, Indonesia depends on the depletion of natural resources. Thanks to its geological location and large surface area, Indonesia is very rich in resources. It can produce a large variety of minerals at a very high level. To a large extend, the gas and oil reserves are increasingly used for Indonesia’s own economy. Therefore, among other reasons, the value of crude oil and gas exports has decreased in the past years.

Indonesia's oil and gas sector

Indonesia had a proven amount of oil reserves of approximately 2.5 billion barrels in 2019, while only producing approximately 0.3 billion billion barrels of crude oil in the year 2018. As an archipelago with over 17,000 islands, Indonesia faces difficulties in reaching and exploiting their oil reserves. The same applies to the natural gas reserves. Coal production on the other hand requires less complex and less expensive extraction methods, making it more economically valuable to Indonesia. Thanks to this and its geographic location close to emerging markets like India and China, Indonesia gradually increased their coal production in the past 20 years.

The mining sector is on the rise

Minerals are becoming increasingly important for a large variety of industries especially in the electronics sector. In 2014, the Indonesian government implemented a ban on exports of unprocessed minerals hoping to subsidize producing industries in Indonesia. The most important minerals found and produced in Indonesia are tin, bauxite, nickel, gold and copper.
This text provides general information. Statista assumes no liability for the information given being complete or correct. Due to varying update cycles, statistics can display more up-to-date data than referenced in the text.
Published by Statista Research Department, Apr 8, 2022

Key insights

Contribution of the mining industry to the gross domestic product (GDP) of Indonesia
4.98%
Proven gas reserves in Indonesia at the end of 2020
1.3tr cubic meter
Estimated production volume of nickel in Indonesia
1600k mt
Get more insights

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