Techniques and practices
The number of English farms that use precision farming has been growing for the past seven years, despite the cost and other barriers. Excluding the south west region, 20 percent or more of all farms in England are using precision farming techniques. The most common techniques used by livestock farmers are regular weighing and the use of breeding indices. On farms that plant crops, soil mapping and variable rate application are most commonly utilized. Controlled traffic farming, an effort to reduce the surface of a given field that is driven over by wheels of agricultural vehicles, seems to be one of the least employed and least well-known techniques. Requirements for it are high and include accurate satellite positioning to guarantee the necessary degree of precision in execution. However, it can vastly reduce soil compaction and fuel demands for cultivation. Of the farms in the top quarter of economic performers, almost 40 percent use one or multiple precision farming practices.Fertilizer application software
The technique to determine how much fertilizer (or other inputs such as herbicides) should be applied to different parts of a field is called variable rate application (VRA). A software determines the optimal amount that is being used based on either a map of the field or real time sensor readings. About 27 percent of farms use a software package to determine fertilizer application. This goes up to 52 percent for farms that are categorized as cereal farms and a little over 60 percent for general cropping farms. The use of these software packages is most widespread on farms that are partially in a nitrate vulnerable zone (land that drains into nitrate polluted water). Farmers usually use a desktop computer or laptop to run mapping software programs, but many also use smartphones or tablets.
