In 2023, Australia was the world leader in terms of lithium mine production, with an estimated output of 86,000 metric tons. Chile and China ranked second and third, with lithium production totaling 44,000 and 33,000 metric tons, respectively.
Lithium giants
Home to the world’s largest hard rock lithium mine, Australia primarily extracts the alkali metal from spodumene, a lithium bearing mineral. Lithium output in Chile, on the other hand, is derived from brines which are pumped from below the earth’s surface into evaporation ponds in Chile’s Atacama Desert. Thanks to the lithium-rich brine deposits of the Atacama, Chile accounts for a significant portion of worldwide lithium reserves. While China is among the leading producers of lithium worldwide, it is also the leading consumer of the metal, as the Asian nation currently dominates production of lithium-ion batteries.
The global lithium rush
With a wide variety of applications ranging from pharmaceuticals to electronic components, lithium has become a critical resource. Today, the leading end-use of this metal is in lithium-ion batteries, which are found in portable electronics and electric vehicles. Global lithium mine production has increased significantly in the past decade, and demand is expected to continue growing in the coming years.
Major countries in worldwide lithium mine production in 2023
(in metric tons)
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US Geological Survey. (January 29, 2024). Major countries in worldwide lithium mine production in 2023 (in metric tons) [Graph]. In Statista. Retrieved October 31, 2024, from https://www.statista.com/statistics/268789/countries-with-the-largest-production-output-of-lithium/
US Geological Survey. "Major countries in worldwide lithium mine production in 2023 (in metric tons)." Chart. January 29, 2024. Statista. Accessed October 31, 2024. https://www.statista.com/statistics/268789/countries-with-the-largest-production-output-of-lithium/
US Geological Survey. (2024). Major countries in worldwide lithium mine production in 2023 (in metric tons). Statista. Statista Inc.. Accessed: October 31, 2024. https://www.statista.com/statistics/268789/countries-with-the-largest-production-output-of-lithium/
US Geological Survey. "Major Countries in Worldwide Lithium Mine Production in 2023 (in Metric Tons)." Statista, Statista Inc., 29 Jan 2024, https://www.statista.com/statistics/268789/countries-with-the-largest-production-output-of-lithium/
US Geological Survey, Major countries in worldwide lithium mine production in 2023 (in metric tons) Statista, https://www.statista.com/statistics/268789/countries-with-the-largest-production-output-of-lithium/ (last visited October 31, 2024)
Major countries in worldwide lithium mine production in 2023 (in metric tons) [Graph], US Geological Survey, January 29, 2024. [Online]. Available: https://www.statista.com/statistics/268789/countries-with-the-largest-production-output-of-lithium/