Uninsured percentage by ethnicity U.S. 2010-2022

In 2022, approximately 21 percent of the Hispanic population in the United States did not have health insurance, up from a historical low of 19.3 percent in 2016. In 2022, the national average was 10.1 percent. White Americans had a below average rate of just 6.5 percent, whereas 10.4 percent of Black Americans had no health insurance.

Impact of the Affordable Care Act

The Affordable Care Act (ACA), also known as Obamacare, was enacted in March 2010, which expanded the Medicaid program, made affordable health insurance available to more people and aimed to lower health care costs by supporting innovative medical care delivery methods. Though it was enacted in 2010, the full effects of it weren’t seen until 2013, when government-run insurance marketplaces such as HealthCare.gov were opened. The number of Americans without health insurance fell significantly between 2010 and 2015, but began to rise again after 2016.

What caused the change?

The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 has played a role in decreasing the number of Americans with health insurance, because the individual mandate was repealed. The aim of the individual mandate (part of the ACA) was to ensure that all Americans had health coverage and thus spread the costs over the young, old, sick and healthy by imposing a large tax fine on those without coverage.

Percentage of people without health insurance in the United States from 2010 to 2022, by ethnicity

Characteristic	Hispanic	Non-Hispanic White	Non-Hispanic Black	Non-Hispanic Asian	National average
-	-	-	-	-	-
-	-	-	-	-	-
-	-	-	-	-	-
-	-	-	-	-	-
-	-	-	-	-	-
-	-	-	-	-	-
-	-	-	-	-	-
-	-	-	-	-	-
-	-	-	-	-	-
-	-	-	-	-	-
-	-	-	-	-	-
-	-	-	-	-	-
-	-	-	-	-	-

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Release date

May 2023

More information

Region

United States

Survey time period

2010 to 2021

Age group

0-64 years

Supplementary notes

Hispanic origin and race are two separate and distinct categories. People of Hispanic or Latino origin may be of any race or combination of races. Hispanic or Latino origin includes people of Mexican, Puerto Rican, Cuban, Central and South American, or Spanish origin. Race is based on respondents’ descriptions of their own racial background. More than one race may be reported. For conciseness, the text, tables, and figures in this report use shorter versions of the 1997 Office of Management and Budget terms for race and Hispanic or Latino origin. For example, the category “not Hispanic, Black or African American, single race” is referred to as “non-Hispanic Black” in the text, tables, and figures.
People were defined as uninsured if they did not have any private health insurance, Medicare, Medicaid, Children’s Health Insurance Program (CHIP), state-sponsored or other government-sponsored health plan, or military plan. People also were defined as uninsured if they had only Indian Health Service coverage or had only a private plan that paid for one type of service, such as accidents or dental care.
This statistic was assembled using previous releases from the same source.

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