Europe: Russian citizens by country 2023

The number of people with Russian citizenship living in European countries as of January 1, 2023, was by far the highest in Germany. The country's population includes around 260,000 Russian citizens. That was more than double the number of Russian citizens living in Spain. To compare, over 35,400 Russian nationals resided in Czechia.

Number of people with Russian citizenship living in Europe as of January 1, 2023, by selected country

Characteristic	Number of people with Russian citizenship
Germany	259,517
Spain	94,466
Estonia	81,036
Italy	39,705
Latvia	37,906
Austria	35,586
Czechia	35,414
Finland	33,428
Bulgaria	19,939
Netherlands	18,211
Belgium	12,226
Lithuania	10,003
Sweden	8,210
Norway	7,442
Hungary	6,193
Portugal	5,149
Slovenia	4,172
Ireland	3,649
Slovakia	2,471
Luxembourg	2,216
Romania*	1,107
Iceland	281

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Release date

March 2024

More information

Region

Europe

Survey time period

as of January 1, 2023

Special properties

Citizenship denotes the particular legal bond between an individual and his/her State, acquired by birth or naturalization, whether by declaration, choice, marriage or other means according to national legislation

Supplementary notes

*Estimate.

Member States send to Eurostat data on population on of 31 December of the reference year under Regulation 1260/2013 on European demographic statistics. The data are conventionally published by Eurostat as population on 1 January of the following year.

The recommended definition is the 'usually resident population' and represents the number of inhabitants of a given area on 1 January. Usual residence means the place where a person normally spends the daily period of rest, regardless of temporary absences for purposes of recreation, holidays, visits to friends and relatives, business, medical treatment or religious pilgrimage. Those who have lived in their place of usual residence for a continuous period of at least 12 months before the reference time; or those who arrived in their place of usual residence during the 12 months before the reference time with the intention of staying there for at least one year.

Citizenship denotes the particular legal bond between an individual and his/her State, acquired by birth or naturalization, whether by declaration, choice, marriage or other means according to national legislation.

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