Functionality and battery types
Batteries convert chemical energy to electrical energy via chemical reactions. Battery cells have an electrolyte and two conversely charged electrodes. The electrolyte is either a “wet” liquid or a “dry” paste. Electrode materials need to be able to easily donate and accept electrons, which explains the wide use of metals in the industry, but other substances like graphite are also suitable.There are two basic types of batteries. While primary batteries are for single-use, secondary batteries are rechargeable, reversing the chemical reaction while recharging. Secondary batteries tend to have a higher unit price due to higher production costs and an extended battery life. Cellphones and cars, for example, use secondary batteries, while devices such as flashlights and TV remote controllers usually use primary batteries.
Batteries – spearheading green tech
Flexibility is the biggest advantage of batteries, as they provide an off-grid energy source for electronic devices, providing mobility. The mobility sector is one of the domains in which leading battery producers attempt to innovate, which is highly needed, as there is a consensus that conventional combustion systems of cars, for instance, are not a viable option in the long run. In order to produce efficient and durable batteries, manufacturers such as Panasonic began collaborating with electric vehicle producers.The energy sector is another area full of challenges and opportunities for the battery industry. With decarbonization on the world’s agenda and the growing importance of renewable energy, the demand for potent stationary battery systems is sky-high. Since the energy supply from renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind power, often fluctuates and is unreliable, battery systems that can convert efficiently and store energy for consumption during hours of no energy production are needed. Whether it is the mobility sector or the energy sector, the ultimate battery remains to be invented. However, batteries have the chance to play a pivotal role in advancing green tech.