Average PM2.5 concentration in the United Kingdom 2023, by select city
In 2023, people in Nottingham were exposed to annual average particulate matter (PM2.5) concentrations of 9.1 micrograms per cubic meter of air (μg/m³). This was almost double the average PM2.5 concentration observed in Edinburgh, that year. The UK capital – London – had an average PM2.5 concentration of 8.4 μg/m³ in 2023. While this was considerably lower than PM2.5 concentrations in the most polluted capital cities in Europe, levels in London were still above World Health Organization guidelines of five μg/m³.