Research and development (R&D) spending reached over 2.23 trillion U.S. dollars globally in 2018 (once local currencies are converted for purchasing power parity). This compares to around one trillion U.S. dollars in 2005, and around 555 billion U.S. dollars in 1996.
Total global spending on research and development (R&D) from 1996 to 2018 (in billion PPP U.S. dollars)
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UNESCO Institute for Statistics. (March 8, 2021). Total global spending on research and development (R&D) from 1996 to 2018 (in billion PPP U.S. dollars) [Graph]. In Statista. Retrieved August 18, 2022, from https://www.statista.com/statistics/1105959/total-research-and-development-spending-worldwide-ppp-usd/
UNESCO Institute for Statistics. "Total global spending on research and development (R&D) from 1996 to 2018 (in billion PPP U.S. dollars)." Chart. March 8, 2021. Statista. Accessed August 18, 2022. https://www.statista.com/statistics/1105959/total-research-and-development-spending-worldwide-ppp-usd/
UNESCO Institute for Statistics. (2021). Total global spending on research and development (R&D) from 1996 to 2018 (in billion PPP U.S. dollars). Statista. Statista Inc.. Accessed: August 18, 2022. https://www.statista.com/statistics/1105959/total-research-and-development-spending-worldwide-ppp-usd/
UNESCO Institute for Statistics. "Total Global Spending on Research and Development (R&d) from 1996 to 2018 (in Billion Ppp U.S. Dollars)." Statista, Statista Inc., 8 Mar 2021, https://www.statista.com/statistics/1105959/total-research-and-development-spending-worldwide-ppp-usd/
UNESCO Institute for Statistics, Total global spending on research and development (R&D) from 1996 to 2018 (in billion PPP U.S. dollars) Statista, https://www.statista.com/statistics/1105959/total-research-and-development-spending-worldwide-ppp-usd/ (last visited August 18, 2022)