Global demographic development

Statista overview report on global demographic development

Global demographic development

This report takes a look at how demographic patterns change as societies industrialize and develop over extended periods. It took thousands of years for the world's population to reach one billion people in the early-1800s, but humanity has grown to eight billion in the 220 years since then, and it is expected to peak at 10.4 billion in the 2080s - at this point it will then stop growing, and go into decline. This process is explained via a phenomenon known as the demographic transition, which is explained in more depth in the first chapter of this report.

Possibly the largest catalyst for this transition is the reduction in infant and child mortality, which creates a domino-effect impacting fertility rates and life expectancy. Through these changes, the lives of women and children change drastically - the impact on aspects such as fertility patterns or opportunities for women will be examined in the second chapter. Chapter three then looks at the current state of demographics across the world, using the countries with the highest and lowest rates of each indicator to highlight regional imbalances in development, as well as a brief look at the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. The final chapter will look at the future, particularly how Africa will have a disproportionate impact on the world's population growth, and how development in this region is being disproportionately affected by climate change.

Table of contents

The Demographic Transition

  • The Demographic Transition Model
  • Drivers of the transition
  • Development by region
  • Changing population structures
  • Stage 5
Women and children
  • Falling infant and child mortality
  • Sex ratios
  • Age-specific fertility
  • The gender gap
  • Welfare
Current demographic indicators
  • COVID-19
  • Global population
  • Key demographic indicators (natural population change, fertility, child mortality, life expectancy)
  • Migration
  • Redefining "development"
Future changes
  • Future growth
  • Climate change
  • War and displacement
  • Humanitarian aid
  • Aging populations
  • Conclusion

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