In every year of the observed period, the sum of internal and international immigrants exceeded that of emigrants in Russia. In 2022, the emigrant count saw an increase from the previous year. In aggregate terms, migration flows steadily decreased from 1990 to 2009. After 2010, the figures for in- and outflows started to recover.
With the eighth-largest gross domestic product (GDP) worldwide, Russia remains a popular immigration destination. In 2022, nearly 187 thousand people came to Russia from Tajikistan. Further 121.8 thousand and 64.4 thousand arrived from Ukraine and Kazakhstan, respectively. Russia’s visa-free regime with most post-Soviet states eases the entry into the country. For example, citizens of Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, and Kyrgyzstan have the right to employment in Russia without obtaining a work permit. Citizens of Azerbaijan, Moldova, Tajikistan, Ukraine, and Uzbekistan can enter Russia visa-free and obtain a work patent upon arrival.
Total national and international migration in Russia from 1990 to 2022, by flow
(in 1,000s)
Characteristic
Immigration
Emigration
Net migration
2022
4,195.58
4,133.66
61.92
2021
4,277.44
3,847.54
429.9
2020
4,120.74
4,014.27
106.47
2019
4,749.77
4,464.67
285.1
2018
4,911.57
4,786.71
124.85
2017
4,773.5
4,561.62
211.88
2016
4,706.41
4,444.46
261.95
2015
4,734.52
4,489.14
245.38
2014
4,663.43
4,363.44
299.99
2013
4,496.86
4,201
295.86
2012
4,196.14
3,901.21
294.93
2011
3,415.06
3,095.29
319.76
2010
2,102.3
1,944.23
158.08
2009
1,987.6
1,740.15
247.45
2008
2,215.95
1,973.84
242.11
2007
2,284.94
2,044.99
239.94
2006
2,122.07
1,989.75
132.32
2005
2,088.64
1,981.21
107.43
2004
2,117.43
2,076.16
41.28
2003
2,168.17
2,124.28
43.88
2002
2,201.91
2,114.77
87.15
2001
2,334.03
2,252.25
81.78
2000
2,662.33
2,420.57
241.76
1999
2,856.73
2,672.71
184.02
1998
3,095.51
2,774.31
321.2
1997
3,322.59
2,931.47
391.13
1996
3,533.89
3,090.59
443.3
1995
3,997.14
3,393.94
603.2
1994
4,208.31
3,330.78
877.53
1993
3,826.12
3,450.28
375.84
1992
4,192.8
3,806.41
386.39
1991
4,383.02
4,155.65
227.37
1990
5,176.33
4,720.27
456.06
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Including national and international migrants combined. The source referred to the inflow of migrants when these stayed in the country longer than a year.
Figures have been rounded.
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Russian Federal State Statistics Service. (September 22, 2023). Total national and international migration in Russia from 1990 to 2022, by flow (in 1,000s) [Graph]. In Statista. Retrieved October 04, 2024, from https://www.statista.com/statistics/1009483/emigration-and-immigration-russia/
Russian Federal State Statistics Service. "Total national and international migration in Russia from 1990 to 2022, by flow (in 1,000s)." Chart. September 22, 2023. Statista. Accessed October 04, 2024. https://www.statista.com/statistics/1009483/emigration-and-immigration-russia/
Russian Federal State Statistics Service. (2023). Total national and international migration in Russia from 1990 to 2022, by flow (in 1,000s). Statista. Statista Inc.. Accessed: October 04, 2024. https://www.statista.com/statistics/1009483/emigration-and-immigration-russia/
Russian Federal State Statistics Service. "Total National and International Migration in Russia from 1990 to 2022, by Flow (in 1,000s)." Statista, Statista Inc., 22 Sep 2023, https://www.statista.com/statistics/1009483/emigration-and-immigration-russia/
Russian Federal State Statistics Service, Total national and international migration in Russia from 1990 to 2022, by flow (in 1,000s) Statista, https://www.statista.com/statistics/1009483/emigration-and-immigration-russia/ (last visited October 04, 2024)
Total national and international migration in Russia from 1990 to 2022, by flow (in 1,000s) [Graph], Russian Federal State Statistics Service, September 22, 2023. [Online]. Available: https://www.statista.com/statistics/1009483/emigration-and-immigration-russia/